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It was estimated that just 225,000 lived in the city as of mid 2006, compared to 496,938 recorded in the 2000 census. Recovery efforts continued in the long term, but some nine months after the landfall of Katrina, the city remained a shell of its former self.
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The following weeks resulted in a full scale evacuation of New Orleans as 10 to 15 feet of water submerged portions of the city. During Labor Day weekend of 2005, some of the levees failed, allowing water from Lake Ponchartrain to inundate the city. The catastrophic storm raked the city with 115 mile per hour winds and a storm surge that toppled several sections of the protective levee system. The history of New Orleans changed forever when the city was dealt a major blow by the landfall of Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005.
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The cultural hearth of the city is unmatched by any other in the southeast states and perhaps the whole country. Today the city is best known for Mardi Gras, the home of Jazz, and occasionally the Super Bowl. New Orleans grew to the fourth largest city in the United States by the mid-1800s. This led to the New Orleans term “neutral ground”, used to describe city medians. Conflicts were a regular issue, and the Canal Street median became a neutral area where the two sides would meet to conduct business without imposing upon the opposite territory. As the population increased, tensions rose between the newly arrived Americans and Europeans, who settled west of Canal Street in the “American Sector” (today’s Central Business District), with the established European Creoles in the French Quarter. The Louisiana Purchase was sold to the United States in 1803, and the cultural dynamic of New Orleans changed with an influx of Americans and European immigrants. Spanish rule of Louisiana followed between 17, before the territory was ceded back to France for a two year period. Founded in 1718 by French colonialists, the city centered around Jackson Square (originally named Place d’Armes) and consisted of just the Vieux Carre. The busy port city lines the banks of the mighty Mississippi south of Lake Pontchartrain and 113 miles northwest from the river delta. The Big Easy, New Orleans is the hub of the upper Gulf of Mexico coastline, with around 400,000 residents. Interstates | US Highways | State Highways | Other Streets and Highways